"Scientific research" Almanac

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  EQUILIBRIUM IN STOCHASTIC OPTIMIZATION MODELS WITH ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS

  The subject of this work is the application of a linear quadratic model which is a result of the stochastic modeling process in the economic field. A dynamic economic process is modeled, which occurs in conditions described by a stochastic differential equation. The dynamics of the process is subject to jump-like changes. Such systems are known as ... The subject of this work is the application of a linear quadratic model which is a result of the stochastic modeling process in the economic field. A dynamic economic process is modeled, which occurs in conditions described by a stochastic differential equation. The dynamics of the process is subject to jump-like changes. Such systems are known as Markov jump linear systems. The target in the observed process is modeled through a functional which has to be minimized. The result is a linear quadratic stochastic model. The equilibrium search model is related to the numerical solution of a system of generalized discrete-time algebraic Riccati equations. Methods for finding the maximal solution to a system of discrete-time algebraic Riccati equations are investigated. Moreover, new methods and algorithms for computing of this maximal solution are proposed. The numerical characteristics of algorithms are analyzed in special cases of negative definite weighting matrices and indefinite weighting ones. Conclusions are derived of the applicability and efficiency of the proposed methods.

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  CHALLENGES FOR BULGARIA'S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN THE SECOND DECADE OF THE XXI CENTURY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EU COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY

  Òhe EU Common Agricultural Policy focuses on efficient and sustainable agriculture. The growing challenges facing agriculture in Europe (including Bulgaria) necessitate that it is continually reformed so that it can comply with society’s higher demands for healthy food, preserving rural areas, ensuring high quality products and maintaining ... Òhe EU Common Agricultural Policy focuses on efficient and sustainable agriculture. The growing challenges facing agriculture in Europe (including Bulgaria) necessitate that it is continually reformed so that it can comply with society’s higher demands for healthy food, preserving rural areas, ensuring high quality products and maintaining farmers’ incomes. „The European model of agriculture” aims to create sustainable agricultural practices, to ensure the overall market orientation of agriculture and to enable farmers to benefit maximally from the market abilities to deliver products demanded by consumers.

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  INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT RISK IN A CRISIS

  The management of investment projects is related to the formation of such an investment portfolio, which would guarantee them the highest financial return. The main characteristic of investments is the „risk-return” ratio. The interdependence between these two categories is generally directly proportional – i.e. the pursuit of higher returns ... The management of investment projects is related to the formation of such an investment portfolio, which would guarantee them the highest financial return. The main characteristic of investments is the „risk-return” ratio. The interdependence between these two categories is generally directly proportional – i.e. the pursuit of higher returns involves taking more risk and conversely, low-risk investments inherently carry more modest but secure returns. What determines the choice of suitable investment are personal preferences and willingness of each investor to take the risk. Collective investment schemes and insurance companies are among the most important players in the global financial market. The trends for sustainable development in a crisis are revealed by performing a retrospective, diagnostic and prognostic financial analysis of risk and return on temporarily invested free funds of life insurance companies and by studying the effectiveness of investment funds portfolio management.