"Scientific research" Almanac

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  INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN EXTERNAL COSTS AND ECOEFFICIENCY

  The development of reliable methodologies for assessing the harmful effects of production and consumption of goods and services on the environment is a major challenge to the scientific community. Along with the existing indicators, indexes and other measurement tools, in recent years relevant quantitative methods for evaluating these influences ... The development of reliable methodologies for assessing the harmful effects of production and consumption of goods and services on the environment is a major challenge to the scientific community. Along with the existing indicators, indexes and other measurement tools, in recent years relevant quantitative methods for evaluating these influences have become increasingly popular and much used. By increasing the reliability of these methods the topical question of how they are integrated into the assessment of eco-efficiency of goods and services has been put forward. The aim of this project is to offer a scheme using external environmental costs in the evaluation of eco-efficiency. For that purpose, after a detailed analysis of the results taken from various sources, this project offers the basic steps of the integrated circuit, as well as different approaches for assessing eco-efficiency at macro level, and the software used for this purpose and support systems for decision-making. Computations have been performed and concrete results have been obtained.

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  MODERN DIMENSIONS OF THE POLICIES AND STRATEGIES “ANTI-POVERTY” IN BULGARIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL MODEL

  Some fundamental problems underlined in the project are discussed. In so far as the volume allows, the basic theoretical and conceptual foundations of poverty its functions and types are affected. The focus is primarily on labor market flexibility, on economic activity and employment. The regions with the highest poverty in the country are ... Some fundamental problems underlined in the project are discussed. In so far as the volume allows, the basic theoretical and conceptual foundations of poverty its functions and types are affected. The focus is primarily on labor market flexibility, on economic activity and employment. The regions with the highest poverty in the country are justified. The most sought and implemented programs and measures for employment with the regions with the highest unemployment rates are disclosed. The emphasis is placed on their effectiveness. Based on the opinions of specialists dealing with the problems of areas with high level of poverty, some critical remarks about the effectiveness of their use are made. At the same time, policy problems of social assistance for poverty reduction are placed and processed. Programs for guaranteed minimum income and target energy assistance carried out to reduce poverty in the poorest regions are highlighted.

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  OPTIMISATION OF THE PRODUCTION COSTS – PRECONDITION FOR STABILITY AND COMPETITIVE POWER OF THE GRAIN PRODUCTION

  Grain production is a major sub-sector of Bulgarian agriculture and occupies an important place in Bulgarian economy. At national, regional and global scale, grain production will be of growing importance in relation to feeding the population and the production of biofuels. The economic and statistical survey of production costs in grain ... Grain production is a major sub-sector of Bulgarian agriculture and occupies an important place in Bulgarian economy. At national, regional and global scale, grain production will be of growing importance in relation to feeding the population and the production of biofuels. The economic and statistical survey of production costs in grain production gives opportunity to find reserves to reduce them to their optimal values, to reduce the unit cost and to increase the profitability of grain production. Part of the information used in the study is taken from official statistical publications, and the main body of data on production costs of grain production has been gathered from a questionnaire conducted among grain producers from Veliko Turnovo district. A number of statistical research techniques have been used in the present study – graphical and tabular methods, correlation analysis, representative method, average and relative values, index factor analysis and other.